The SNP, which held 43 seats before the election was called, has suffered from a period of turmoil that has seen two leaders quit in a little more than a year, a police investigation into the party's finances and splits on a range of policies including its attempts to secure a second referendum on independence.
The SNP had said that winning a majority of Scottish seats would give it a mandate to pursue independence talks, but were projected by broadcasters to get only between 6-11 of 57 seats, their lowest since the six won by the party in 2010.
"We are experiencing something that we have not experienced in quite some time. We are going to be beat in Scotland, and we are going to be beat well," the SNP's Westminster leader Stephen Flynn said on Friday after retaining his own seat.
Nicola Sturgeon quitting and the implosion of her successor's administration aided the SNP's woes. (EPA PHOTO)
The SNP had dominated the British parliament's Scottish seats since 2015, garnering the support of pro-independence voters after a 2014 referendum where Scots voted to remain part of the United Kingdom by 55 per cent to 45 per cent.
While the 2014 referendum failed to deliver independence, it did unite many supporters of the cause behind the SNP, which won so dominantly in 2015, 2017 and 2019 that it was the third largest party in the Westminster parliament despite contesting fewer than 10 per cent of possible seats.
Then-leader Nicola Sturgeon channelled discontent over government by Conservatives in London and the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union, but failed to secure a second independence referendum, as successive prime ministers blocked the move.
A police investigation into the SNP's finances, Sturgeon's sudden resignation as leader in 2023 and the implosion of her successor Humza Yousaf's administration in the devolved Scottish government have contributed to the party's declining fortunes.
Labour leader Keir Starmer has ruled out another independence referendum. Recent polling has indicated that Scots favour remaining part of the United Kingdom by a slim margin.
Labour, projected to win a big majority in the British parliament overall, had won 15 out of 20 seats in Scotland counted by 0308 GMT, its most since the 41 won under the leadership of Gordon Brown, a Scot, in 2010. It won just one seat in Scotland in 2019.
Labour's Scottish roots run deep - from party founder Keir Hardie to Brown, its most recent prime minister - and it won the most seats in Scotland in every election from 1959 until 2010.
