The woman, 34, was found with burns to her body on Saturday morning in a home in Kingston, in Brisbane's south.
She was treated by paramedics at the scene and taken to the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital in a serious condition.
Police arrested a man, 36, nearby.
He was charged on Saturday evening with attempted murder, common assault and breach of domestic violence and refused police bail.
Police have charged a man with attempted murder following an alleged incident in Kingston this morning.— Queensland Police (@QldPolice) https://t.co/ILxVLrMNVT pic.twitter.com/JN8MKSCireJanuary 18, 2025
Police allege the pair were involved in an altercation about 7.45am before the man pulled out a lighter and set the woman on fire.
He is due to face Beenleigh Magistrates Court on Monday.
Crime scenes were established at the home, a park and the Kingston train station.
The incident came hours before Australia's Domestic, Family and Sexual Violence Commissioner Micaela Cronin opened a solemn vigil to honour the 87 women who lost their lives to gender-based violence in 2024.
The vigil outside the South Australian parliament included a call for urgent action to end gender-based violence.
"Each of the women lost was a mother, sister, daughter and friend," Ms Cronin said.
"Their lives were cut short by gender-based violence, and we honour their memory at this vigil."
The commissioner noted there were a range of approaches and mechanisms for counting domestic and family-violence-related deaths.
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